Diamond Education

The 4 C's

Diamond Anatomy & Cut Quality

A diamond’s brilliance is defined by its anatomy and cut quality. The table is the top flat surface that allows light to enter, while the crown and pavilion control how light reflects and disperses. The girdle separates the upper and lower sections, contributing to durability, and the culet at the bottom prevents chipping. A well-proportioned depth ensures optimal light performance.

Cut quality is the key to a diamond’s sparkle. An Ideal or Excellent Cut maximizes brilliance by reflecting most light, while Very Good and Good Cuts offer a balance of sparkle and value. Fair or Poor Cuts result in light leakage, making diamonds appear dull. Even with high clarity and color, a poorly cut diamond can look lifeless, making cut quality the most crucial factor in choosing a dazzling stone.

Understanding the 4 C’s of Diamonds Shopping

When buying a diamond, the 4 C’s—Cut, Color, Clarity, and Carat Weight—are essential factors that determine its beauty and value. Balancing the 4 C’s based on personal preference and budget ensures you get the best diamond for your needs. A high-quality cut enhances brilliance, even if other factors have slight variations.

Clarity

Clarity measures internal flaws (inclusions) and surface imperfections. The fewer the flaws, the rarer and more expensive the diamond.

Diamond Clarity Descriptions

Diamond clarity refers to the presence of natural imperfections, known as inclusions (internal flaws) and blemishes (surface flaws). These characteristics impact a diamond’s brilliance and value.

  • IF (Internally Flawless): No visible inclusions under 10x magnification, making it extremely rare and valuable.
  • VVS1 & VVS2 (Very, Very Slightly Included): Minute inclusions that are difficult to detect even under magnification.
  • VS1 & VS2 (Very Slightly Included): Small inclusions that are slightly visible under magnification but typically invisible to the naked eye.
  • SI1 & SI2 (Slightly Included): Noticeable inclusions under magnification, sometimes visible without magnification.
  • I1, I2 & I3 (Included): Visible inclusions that may impact transparency and brilliance.

Choosing the right clarity depends on your preference and budget, but well-cut diamonds can often hide minor inclusions, maximizing beauty without the high price of flawless stones.

Cut

Cut is the most important aspect, affecting how well the diamond reflects light. A well-cut diamond sparkles brilliantly, while a poorly cut one appears dull.

Diamond Clarity Descriptions

The cut of a diamond shapes its beauty, brilliance, and overall appeal. Each cut type offers a unique style, catering to different preferences.

  • Round Cut – The most popular choice, known for its unmatched brilliance and timeless appeal.
  • Princess Cut – A modern square or rectangular cut with sharp corners, offering exceptional sparkle.
  • Emerald Cut – A step-cut design with long, rectangular facets that create a sleek, elegant look.
  • Marquise Cut – An elongated, pointed oval shape that maximizes carat weight, making the diamond appear larger.
  • Oval Cut – A sophisticated and elongated shape that enhances brilliance and creates a slimming effect on the finger.
  • Pear Cut – A teardrop-shaped diamond that combines the best of round and marquise cuts for a unique, elegant look.
  • Cushion Cut – A square or rectangular shape with rounded edges, offering a soft, vintage appeal.
  • Asscher Cut – Similar to the emerald cut but square-shaped, known for its deep clarity and art deco charm.
  • Heart Cut – A romantic and symbolic cut, perfect for those who want a truly unique diamond.
  • Radiant Cut – A hybrid between the round and emerald cut, offering brilliance with a rectangular or square shape.

Each diamond cut brings a distinct charm and character, allowing you to choose a style that reflects your personality and taste.

Color

Color is graded from D (colorless) to Z (light yellow or brown). Colorless diamonds are the most valuable, but near-colorless options offer great beauty at a better price.

Diamond Color Descriptions

Diamond color refers to the presence of natural yellow or brown tints within the stone. The Gemological Institute of America (GIA) grades diamond color on a scale from D (colorless) to Z (light yellow or brown). The less color a diamond has, the rarer and more valuable it is.

  • D, E, F (Colorless) – Completely clear with no detectable color, offering the highest purity and brilliance.
  • G, H, I, J (Near Colorless) – Slight hints of warmth, but appears colorless to the untrained eye. A great balance between value and appearance.
  • K, L, M (Faint Color) – Noticeable yellow tint, especially in larger diamonds, but still offers a beautiful look in certain settings.
  • N-Z (Light Color) – More visible yellow or brown tones, generally less desirable but can be a unique choice for vintage or warm-toned settings.
  • The setting and metal choice can also impact how color is perceived—white gold or platinum enhances a colorless look, while yellow or rose gold can complement warmer tones. Choosing the right diamond color depends on your preference, budget, and the overall look you desire.

Carat (Size)

Carat Weight refers to the diamond’s size. Larger diamonds are rarer, but a well-cut smaller diamond can appear bigger and more brilliant than a poorly cut larger one.

Diamond Sizing Descriptions

Diamond size is measured in carats (ct), which represents the diamond’s weight. While larger carat sizes typically mean bigger diamonds, the cut and shape play a crucial role in how large the diamond appears.

  • 0.10ct – 0.50ct – Subtle and elegant, perfect for delicate jewelry.
  • 0.75ct – 1.00ct – A popular balance of size and brilliance.
  • 1.25ct – 1.50ct – A noticeable upgrade for a more striking look.
  • 1.75ct – A luxurious size that stands out while remaining elegant.
  • 2.00ct – A bold and timeless choice, making a statement with its brilliance.
  • 2.50ct – A rare and extravagant size, offering maximum impact.
  • A diamond’s cut quality can enhance its perceived size, making some diamonds look larger than others of the same carat weight. Choosing the right size depends on personal preference, style, and budget.